Ilimi da Aiwatar da Maganin Najasa

I.Menene najasa?

Najasa yana nufin ruwan da ake fitarwa daga samarwa da ayyukan rayuwa. Mutane suna amfani da ruwa mai yawa a rayuwar yau da kullun da ayyukan samarwa, kuma wannan ruwan yakan zama gurɓata zuwa nau'i daban-daban. gurbataccen ruwa ana kiransa najasa.

II.Yaya ake maganin najasa?

Maganin najasa ya ƙunshi amfani da fasahohi da hanyoyi daban-daban don raba, cirewa, da sake sarrafa gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin najasa ko canza su zuwa abubuwa marasa lahani, don haka tsarkake ruwa.

III.Aikace-aikacen maganin biochemical a cikin najasa?

Maganin sinadarai na najasa yana amfani da hanyoyin rayuwa na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don kawar da abubuwa masu narkewa kamar yadda ya kamata da wasu abubuwa masu narkewa daga ruwan datti, yana tsarkake ruwa.

IV.Bayanin kwayoyin cutar aerobic da anaerobic?

Kwayoyin Aerobic: Kwayoyin da ke buƙatar kasancewar oxygen kyauta ko kuma ba a kawar da su a gaban oxygen kyauta. Kwayoyin Anaerobic: Kwayoyin da ba sa buƙatar oxygen kyauta ko kuma ba a kawar da su a cikin rashin iskar oxygen kyauta.

V.Dangantaka tsakanin zafin ruwa da aiki?

Zazzabi na ruwa yana tasiri sosai akan aikin tankunan iska. A cikin masana'antar kula da najasa, zafin ruwa yana canzawa a hankali tare da yanayi kuma da wuya ya canza a cikin yini ɗaya. Idan an ga manyan canje-canje a cikin yini ɗaya, ya kamata a gudanar da bincike don bincika shigowar ruwan sanyaya masana'antu. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa na shekara-shekara yana cikin kewayon 8-30 ℃, ingantaccen magani na tankin iska yana raguwa lokacin aiki a ƙasa da 8 ℃, kuma ƙimar cirewar BOD5 sau da yawa ƙasa da 80%.

VI.Yawan sinadarai da ake amfani da su wajen maganin najasa?

Acids: sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid.

Alkalis: lemun tsami, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda).

Flocculant: polyacrylamide.

Coagulants: Poly Aluminum Chloride, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride.

Oxidants: hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite.

Masu ragewa: sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfide, sodium bisulfite.

Ma'aikata masu aiki: Mai cire nitrogen ammonia, mai cire phosphorus, mai lalata ƙarfe mai nauyi, mai decolorizer, defoamer.

Sauran wakilai: Mai hana sikelin, demulsifier, citric acid.